@article{11de93e1cc854621805d45bd1153d76d,
title = "Perceived discrimination and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults living with HIV in China.",
abstract = "Middle-aged and older adults with HIV experience double discrimination and cognitive impairment due to both their HIV status and their age. However, the relationship between perceived discrimination and self-reported cognitive ability in middle-aged and older people living with HIV (PLWH) is less clear. We measured self-reported perceived discrimination and cognitive ability using the Expanded Everyday Discrimination Scale and the subscale of the AIDS Health Assessment Questionnaire (AIDS-HAQ). The study sample included 324 middle-aged and older PLWH (over 45 years old) from five designated HIV hospitals in three regions (east coast, middle, and southwest regions) of China. The descriptive analysis showed that 45.37% of the participants reported perceiving discrimination at least once in the past twelve months, and 47.22% reported having at least one type of cognitive impairment. Multiple linear regression results showed that higher levels of perceived discrimination (β = −0.121, P = 0.036) were significantly associated with lower levels of self-reported cognitive ability after controlling for several covariates, including sociodemographic variables, mental health status, health behaviors, and social support. A longer duration of HIV was also related to a lower level of self-reported cognitive ability. Our findings indicate that perceived discrimination is related to self-reported cognitive ability and suggest that counseling services and support systems should be developed to reduce age- and disease-associated discrimination. A reduction in perceived discrimination would improve not only overall wellbeing but also cognitive ability in later life.",
keywords = "HIV, AIDS, aging, stigma, Cognitive ability",
author = "Zheng Zhu and Yan Hu and Weijie Xing and Mengdi Guo and Bei Wu",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China: [Grant Number 71673057]. Funding for this study was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.71673057). The authors are grateful to all participants who joined in this study; We would like to thank our partner in this study: Meijuan Bao, the director of Nursing Department, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center; Lin Zhang, the vice director of Nursing Department, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center; Canyun Wei, the director of Nursing Department, Nanning No.4 People's Hospital; Lian Yang, Hengyang No.3 People's Hospital; Qingfen Liu, the director of Nursing Department, Yunnan Infectious Disease Special Hospital; Yuquan Ruan, the dean of Dali University School of Nursing; Yanfeng Fu, the vice dean of Dali University School of Nursing; Dr. Michael V. Relf, Associate Professor of Duke University School of Nursing for generously helping us in the study. Funding Information: Funding for this study was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.71673057). The authors are grateful to all participants who joined in this study; We would like to thank our partner in this study: Mei-juan Bao, the director of Nursing Department, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center; Lin Zhang, the vice director of Nursing Department, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center; Canyun Wei, the director of Nursing Department, Nanning No.4 People{\textquoteright}s Hospital; Lian Yang, Hengyang No.3 People{\textquoteright}s Hospital; Qingfen Liu, the director of Nursing Department, Yunnan Infectious Disease Special Hospital; Yuquan Ruan, the dean of Dali University School of Nursing; Yanfeng Fu, the vice dean of Dali University School of Nursing; Dr. Michael V. Relf, Associate Professor of Duke University School of Nursing for generously helping us in the study. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019, {\textcopyright} 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.",
year = "2019",
month = sep,
day = "2",
doi = "https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2019.1601674",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "31",
pages = "1--8",
journal = "AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV",
issn = "0954-0121",
publisher = "Routledge",
number = "9",
}