TY - JOUR
T1 - Preliminary evaluation of a telephone-based smoking cessation intervention in the lung cancer screening setting
T2 - A randomized clinical trial
AU - Taylor, Kathryn L.
AU - Hagerman, Charlotte J.
AU - Luta, George
AU - Bellini, Paula G.
AU - Stanton, Cassandra
AU - Abrams, David B.
AU - Kramer, Jenna A.
AU - Anderson, Eric
AU - Regis, Shawn
AU - McKee, Andrea
AU - McKee, Brady
AU - Niaura, Ray
AU - Harper, Harry
AU - Ramsaier, Michael
N1 - Funding Information:
Sources of funding: This work was supported by the Prevent Cancer Foundation and the Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center's NCI Cancer Center Support Grant P30 CA051008.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2017/6
Y1 - 2017/6
N2 - Incorporating effective smoking cessation interventions into lung cancer screening (LCS) programs will be essential to realizing the full benefit of screening. We conducted a pilot randomized trial to determine the feasibility and efficacy of a telephone-counseling (TC) smoking cessation intervention vs. usual care (UC) in the LCS setting. In collaboration with 3 geographically diverse LCS programs, we enrolled current smokers (61.5% participation rate) who were: registered to undergo LCS, 50–77 years old, and had a 20+ pack-year smoking history. Eligibility was not based on readiness to quit. Participants completed pre-LCS (T0) and post-LCS (T1) telephone assessments, were randomized to TC (N = 46) vs. UC (N = 46), and completed a final 3-month telephone assessment (T2). Both study arms received a list of evidence-based cessation resources. TC participants also received up to 6 brief counseling calls with a trained cessation counselor. Counseling calls incorporated motivational interviewing and utilized the screening result as a motivator for quitting. The outcome was biochemically verified 7-day point prevalence cessation at 3-months post-randomization. Participants (56.5% female) were 60.2 (SD = 5.4) years old and reported 47.1 (SD = 22.2) pack years; 30% were ready to stop smoking in the next 30 days. TC participants completed an average of 4.4 (SD = 2.3) sessions. Using intent-to-treat analyses, biochemically verified quit rates were 17.4% (TC) vs. 4.3% (UC), p < .05. This study provides preliminary evidence that telephone-based cessation counseling is feasible and efficacious in the LCS setting. As millions of current smokers are now eligible for lung cancer screening, this setting represents an important opportunity to exert a large public health impact on cessation among smokers who are at very high risk for multiple tobacco-related diseases. If this evidence-based, brief, and scalable intervention is replicated, TC could help to improve the overall cost-effectiveness of LCS. Trial registration NCT02267096, https://clinicaltrials.gov
AB - Incorporating effective smoking cessation interventions into lung cancer screening (LCS) programs will be essential to realizing the full benefit of screening. We conducted a pilot randomized trial to determine the feasibility and efficacy of a telephone-counseling (TC) smoking cessation intervention vs. usual care (UC) in the LCS setting. In collaboration with 3 geographically diverse LCS programs, we enrolled current smokers (61.5% participation rate) who were: registered to undergo LCS, 50–77 years old, and had a 20+ pack-year smoking history. Eligibility was not based on readiness to quit. Participants completed pre-LCS (T0) and post-LCS (T1) telephone assessments, were randomized to TC (N = 46) vs. UC (N = 46), and completed a final 3-month telephone assessment (T2). Both study arms received a list of evidence-based cessation resources. TC participants also received up to 6 brief counseling calls with a trained cessation counselor. Counseling calls incorporated motivational interviewing and utilized the screening result as a motivator for quitting. The outcome was biochemically verified 7-day point prevalence cessation at 3-months post-randomization. Participants (56.5% female) were 60.2 (SD = 5.4) years old and reported 47.1 (SD = 22.2) pack years; 30% were ready to stop smoking in the next 30 days. TC participants completed an average of 4.4 (SD = 2.3) sessions. Using intent-to-treat analyses, biochemically verified quit rates were 17.4% (TC) vs. 4.3% (UC), p < .05. This study provides preliminary evidence that telephone-based cessation counseling is feasible and efficacious in the LCS setting. As millions of current smokers are now eligible for lung cancer screening, this setting represents an important opportunity to exert a large public health impact on cessation among smokers who are at very high risk for multiple tobacco-related diseases. If this evidence-based, brief, and scalable intervention is replicated, TC could help to improve the overall cost-effectiveness of LCS. Trial registration NCT02267096, https://clinicaltrials.gov
KW - Lung cancer screening
KW - Randomized trial
KW - Smoking cessation
KW - Telephone counseling
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85012903675&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85012903675&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.lungcan.2017.01.020
DO - 10.1016/j.lungcan.2017.01.020
M3 - Article
C2 - 28216065
AN - SCOPUS:85012903675
SN - 0169-5002
VL - 108
SP - 242
EP - 246
JO - Lung Cancer
JF - Lung Cancer
ER -