Abstract
Despite a long history of experimental and theoretical investigation, the mechanism of the Diels-Alder (DA) reaction has been controversial since its discovery 80 years ago. From these investigations, two schools of thought have emerged, namely that the reaction can proceed via a concerted, symmetric or asymmetric mechanism or via a nonconcerted mechanism involving a zwitterion or diradical as an intermediate. Here, we employ finite temperature ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, employing forces computed "on the fly" from electronic structure calculations, to investigate the microscopic mechanism of DA adduct formation between 1,3-butadiene and the Si(100)-2×1 surface. Free energy profiles and nonequilibrium trajectories strongly suggest a nonconcerted mechanism that forms a zwitterionic intermediate state. This mechanism, which begins with a nucleophilic attack of the C=C double bond on the positive member of a charge-asymmetric buckled Si-Si dimer, was previously shown to be common to the formation of a wide range of adducts that can form on the surface.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 13920-13921 |
Number of pages | 2 |
Journal | Journal of the American Chemical Society |
Volume | 126 |
Issue number | 43 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Nov 3 2004 |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Catalysis
- General Chemistry
- Biochemistry
- Colloid and Surface Chemistry