TY - JOUR
T1 - Role of e-cigarettes and pharmacotherapy during attempts to quit cigarette smoking
T2 - The PATH Study 2013-16
AU - Pierce, John P.
AU - Benmarhnia, Tarik
AU - Chen, Ruifeng
AU - White, Martha
AU - Abrams, David B.
AU - Ambrose, Bridget K.
AU - Blanco, Carlos
AU - Borek, Nicolette
AU - Choi, Kelvin
AU - Coleman, Blair
AU - Compton, Wilson M.
AU - Michael Cummings, K.
AU - Delnevo, Cristine D.
AU - Elton-Marshall, Tara
AU - Goniewicz, Maciej L.
AU - Gravely, Shannon
AU - Fong, Geoffrey T.
AU - Hatsukami, Dorothy
AU - Henrie, James
AU - Kasza, Karin A.
AU - Kealey, Sheila
AU - Kimmel, Heather L.
AU - Limpert, Jean
AU - Niaura, Raymond S.
AU - Ramôa, Carolina
AU - Sharma, Eva
AU - Silveira, Marushka L.
AU - Stanton, Cassandra A.
AU - Steinberg, Michael B.
AU - Taylor, Ethel
AU - Bansal-Travers, Maansi
AU - Trinidad, Dennis R.
AU - Gardner, Lisa D.
AU - Hyland, Andrew
AU - Soneji, Samir
AU - Messer, Karen
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.
PY - 2020/9
Y1 - 2020/9
N2 - Background More smokers report using e-cigarettes to help them quit than FDA-approved pharmacotherapy. Objective To assess the association of e-cigarettes with future abstinence from cigarette and tobacco use. Design Cohort study of US sample, with annual follow-up. Participants US adult (ages 18+) daily cigarette smokers identified at Wave 1 (W1; 2013-14) of the PATH Study, who reported a quit attempt before W2 and completed W3 (n = 2443). Exposures Use of e-cigarettes, pharmacotherapy (including nicotine replacement therapy), or no product for last quit attempt (LQA), and current daily e-cigarette use at W2. Analysis Propensity score matching (PSM) of groups using different methods to quit. Outcome measures 12+ months abstinence at W3 from cigarettes and from all tobacco (including e-cigarettes). 30+ days abstinence at W3 was a secondary outcome. Results Among daily smokers with an LQA, 23.5% used e-cigarettes, 19.3% used pharmacotherapy only (including NRT) and 57.2% used no product. Cigarette abstinence for 12+ months at W3 was ~10% in each group. Half of the cigarette abstainers in the e-cigarette group were using e-cigarettes at W3. Different methods to help quitting had statistically comparable 12+ month cigarette abstinence at W3 (e-cigarettes vs no product: Risk Difference (RD) = 0.01, 95% CI: -0.04 to 0.06; e-cigarettes vs pharmacotherapy: RD = 0.02, 95% CI:-0.04 to 0.09). Likewise, daily e-cigarette users at W2 did not show a cessation benefit over comparable no-e-cigarette users and this finding was robust to sensitivity analyses. Abstinence for 30+ days at W3 was also similar across products. Limitations The frequency of e-cigarette use during the LQA was not assessed, nor was it possible to assess continuous abstinence from the LQA. Conclusion Among US daily smokers who quit cigarettes in 2014-15, use of e-cigarettes in that attempt compared to approved cessation aids or no products showed similar abstinence rates 1-2 years later.
AB - Background More smokers report using e-cigarettes to help them quit than FDA-approved pharmacotherapy. Objective To assess the association of e-cigarettes with future abstinence from cigarette and tobacco use. Design Cohort study of US sample, with annual follow-up. Participants US adult (ages 18+) daily cigarette smokers identified at Wave 1 (W1; 2013-14) of the PATH Study, who reported a quit attempt before W2 and completed W3 (n = 2443). Exposures Use of e-cigarettes, pharmacotherapy (including nicotine replacement therapy), or no product for last quit attempt (LQA), and current daily e-cigarette use at W2. Analysis Propensity score matching (PSM) of groups using different methods to quit. Outcome measures 12+ months abstinence at W3 from cigarettes and from all tobacco (including e-cigarettes). 30+ days abstinence at W3 was a secondary outcome. Results Among daily smokers with an LQA, 23.5% used e-cigarettes, 19.3% used pharmacotherapy only (including NRT) and 57.2% used no product. Cigarette abstinence for 12+ months at W3 was ~10% in each group. Half of the cigarette abstainers in the e-cigarette group were using e-cigarettes at W3. Different methods to help quitting had statistically comparable 12+ month cigarette abstinence at W3 (e-cigarettes vs no product: Risk Difference (RD) = 0.01, 95% CI: -0.04 to 0.06; e-cigarettes vs pharmacotherapy: RD = 0.02, 95% CI:-0.04 to 0.09). Likewise, daily e-cigarette users at W2 did not show a cessation benefit over comparable no-e-cigarette users and this finding was robust to sensitivity analyses. Abstinence for 30+ days at W3 was also similar across products. Limitations The frequency of e-cigarette use during the LQA was not assessed, nor was it possible to assess continuous abstinence from the LQA. Conclusion Among US daily smokers who quit cigarettes in 2014-15, use of e-cigarettes in that attempt compared to approved cessation aids or no products showed similar abstinence rates 1-2 years later.
KW - Adolescent
KW - Adult
KW - Behavior Therapy
KW - Cigarette Smoking/adverse effects
KW - Drug Therapy/statistics & numerical data
KW - Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems/statistics & numerical data
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Incidence
KW - Longitudinal Studies
KW - Male
KW - Smoking Cessation/methods
KW - Time Factors
KW - Tobacco Use Cessation Devices/adverse effects
KW - Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology
KW - United States/epidemiology
KW - Vaping/adverse effects
KW - Young Adult
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U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0237938
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0237938
M3 - Article
C2 - 32877429
AN - SCOPUS:85090261528
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 15
JO - PloS one
JF - PloS one
IS - 9
M1 - e0237938
ER -