TY - JOUR
T1 - Role of social determinants in anxiety and depression symptoms during COVID-19
T2 - A longitudinal study of adults in North Carolina and Massachusetts
AU - Alegría, Margarita
AU - Cruz-Gonzalez, Mario
AU - O'Malley, Isabel Shaheen
AU - Alvarez, Kiara
AU - Stein, Gabriela Livas
AU - Fuentes, Larimar
AU - Eddington, Kari
AU - Poindexter, Claire
AU - Markle, Sheri Lapatin
AU - Thorndike, Anne N.
AU - Zhang, Lulu
AU - Shrout, Patrick E.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health , Grants R01MH117246 and R01MH117247 . The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or manuscript preparation. The content of this paper is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the views of the funders.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2022/7
Y1 - 2022/7
N2 - Trajectory studies of the COVID-19 pandemic have described patterns of symptoms over time. Yet, few have examined whether social determinants of health predict the progression of depression and anxiety symptoms during COVID-19 or identified which social determinants worsen symptom trajectories. Using a racially, ethnically, and linguistically diverse sample of adults participating in a randomized clinical trial with pre-existing moderate to severe depression and/or anxiety symptoms, we compare symptom patterns before and during COVID-19; characterize symptom trajectories over a 20-week follow-up period; and evaluate whether social determinants are associated with within- and between- person differences in symptom trajectories. Data were collected before and during COVID-19 in Massachusetts and North Carolina. On average, depression and anxiety symptoms did not seem to worsen during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic. During COVID-19, anxiety scores at follow-up were higher for participants with baseline food insecurity (vs no food insecurity). Depression scores at follow-up were higher for participants with food insecurity and for those with utilities insecurity (vs no insecurity). Participants with child or family care responsibilities at baseline had depression symptoms decreasing at a slower rate than those without these responsibilities. We discuss the important implications of these findings.
AB - Trajectory studies of the COVID-19 pandemic have described patterns of symptoms over time. Yet, few have examined whether social determinants of health predict the progression of depression and anxiety symptoms during COVID-19 or identified which social determinants worsen symptom trajectories. Using a racially, ethnically, and linguistically diverse sample of adults participating in a randomized clinical trial with pre-existing moderate to severe depression and/or anxiety symptoms, we compare symptom patterns before and during COVID-19; characterize symptom trajectories over a 20-week follow-up period; and evaluate whether social determinants are associated with within- and between- person differences in symptom trajectories. Data were collected before and during COVID-19 in Massachusetts and North Carolina. On average, depression and anxiety symptoms did not seem to worsen during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic. During COVID-19, anxiety scores at follow-up were higher for participants with baseline food insecurity (vs no food insecurity). Depression scores at follow-up were higher for participants with food insecurity and for those with utilities insecurity (vs no insecurity). Participants with child or family care responsibilities at baseline had depression symptoms decreasing at a slower rate than those without these responsibilities. We discuss the important implications of these findings.
KW - Anxiety
KW - COVID-19
KW - Depression
KW - Racial/ethnic minorities
KW - Social determinants of health
KW - Trajectories
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U2 - 10.1016/j.brat.2022.104102
DO - 10.1016/j.brat.2022.104102
M3 - Article
C2 - 35561644
AN - SCOPUS:85129771690
VL - 154
JO - Behavioral Assessment
JF - Behavioral Assessment
SN - 0005-7967
M1 - 104102
ER -