TY - JOUR
T1 - Sensitivity characterization of cladding modes in long-period gratings photonic crystal fiber for structural health monitoring
AU - Zheng, Shijie
AU - Shan, Baohua
AU - Ghandehari, Masoud
AU - Ou, Jinping
N1 - Funding Information:
This research is supported by the National Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 51408165 and 51478148 , and by China Postdoctoral Foundation under Grant No. 2014M560265 .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
PY - 2015/8/1
Y1 - 2015/8/1
N2 - Abstract Sensitivity of fiber cladding modes coupled with long-period gratings (LPGs) in photonic crystal fiber (PCF) are investigated with respect to external conditions such as temperature, strain, the surrounding refractive index, curvature, and torsion. What we have found is that the application of MODE Solutions to a given PCF structure can produce a large amount of modes, where the dispersion and group velocities are generally a function of wavelength, hence the cladding modes with ultra-sensitive spectrum behavior for LPG coupling and sensing purpose. By means of analyzing equation of phase-matching condition, we can better understand sensitivity characteristics of cladding modes. The results of numerical computation indicate that the maximum or minimum sensitivity of a cladding mode coupled with PCF-LPG is predetermined by its dispersion, which is also influenced by the PCF structure geometry. The design of the structural geometry gives a large degree of freedom with respect to tailoring its optical properties. Multi-parameter sensing is discussed in light of utilizing the resonances at discrete wavelength locations distinguishing and simultaneously measuring two parameters in a PCF-LPG.
AB - Abstract Sensitivity of fiber cladding modes coupled with long-period gratings (LPGs) in photonic crystal fiber (PCF) are investigated with respect to external conditions such as temperature, strain, the surrounding refractive index, curvature, and torsion. What we have found is that the application of MODE Solutions to a given PCF structure can produce a large amount of modes, where the dispersion and group velocities are generally a function of wavelength, hence the cladding modes with ultra-sensitive spectrum behavior for LPG coupling and sensing purpose. By means of analyzing equation of phase-matching condition, we can better understand sensitivity characteristics of cladding modes. The results of numerical computation indicate that the maximum or minimum sensitivity of a cladding mode coupled with PCF-LPG is predetermined by its dispersion, which is also influenced by the PCF structure geometry. The design of the structural geometry gives a large degree of freedom with respect to tailoring its optical properties. Multi-parameter sensing is discussed in light of utilizing the resonances at discrete wavelength locations distinguishing and simultaneously measuring two parameters in a PCF-LPG.
KW - Cladding modes
KW - Fiber optic sensor
KW - Long-period gratings
KW - Photonic crystal fiber
KW - Refractive index
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84929331778&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84929331778&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.measurement.2015.04.014
DO - 10.1016/j.measurement.2015.04.014
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84929331778
SN - 0263-2241
VL - 72
SP - 43
EP - 51
JO - Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation
JF - Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation
M1 - 3367
ER -