TY - JOUR
T1 - Smoking and drinking in relation to oral potentially malignant disorders in Puerto Rico
T2 - A case-control study
AU - Li, Lin
AU - Psoter, Walter J.
AU - Buxó, Carmen J.
AU - Elias, Augusto
AU - Cuadrado, Lumarie
AU - Morse, Douglas E.
N1 - Funding Information:
We appreciate the assistance of Drs. Eleuterio Bravo and Jose Wiscovitch, who served as study consultants, Dr. Ralph Katz, the overall PI of the UPR-NYU Oral Cancer RAAHP Center Grant, and Ms. Jennifer Guadalupe, who served as a study interviewer. We also thank the surgeons, pathology laboratories, and study participants who made the investigation possible. The project was supported by NIDCR/NIH grants U54 DE 14257 and T32 DE 07255.
PY - 2011/7/29
Y1 - 2011/7/29
N2 - Background: Oral cancer incidence is high on the Island of Puerto Rico (PR), particularly among males. As part of a larger study conducted in PR, we evaluated smoking and drinking as risk factors for oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs).Methods: Persons diagnosed with either an OPMD (n = 86) [oral epithelial dysplasia (OED), oral hyperkeratosis/epithelial hyperplasia without OED] or a benign oral tissue condition (n = 155) were identified through PR pathology laboratories. Subjects were interviewed using a standardized, structured questionnaire that obtained information, including detailed histories of smoking and drinking. Odds ratios (ORs) for smoking and drinking in relation to having an OPMD, relative to persons with a benign oral tissue condition, were obtained using logistic regression and adjusted for age, gender, education, fruit/vegetable intake and smoking or drinking.Results: For persons with an OPMD and relative to individuals with a benign oral tissue condition, the adjusted OR for current smoking was 4.32 (95% CI: 1.99-9.38), while for former smokers, the ORadj was 1.47 (95% CI: 0.67-3.21), each ORadj relative to never smokers. With regard to drinking, no adjusted ORs approached statistical significance, and few point estimates exceeded 1.0, whether consumption was defined in terms of ever, current, level (drinks/week), or beverage type.Conclusions: In this study, conducted in Puerto Rico, current smoking was a substantial risk factor for OPMDs while former smokers had a considerably reduced risk compared to current smokers. There was little evidence suggesting that alcohol consumption was positively associated with OPMD risk.
AB - Background: Oral cancer incidence is high on the Island of Puerto Rico (PR), particularly among males. As part of a larger study conducted in PR, we evaluated smoking and drinking as risk factors for oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs).Methods: Persons diagnosed with either an OPMD (n = 86) [oral epithelial dysplasia (OED), oral hyperkeratosis/epithelial hyperplasia without OED] or a benign oral tissue condition (n = 155) were identified through PR pathology laboratories. Subjects were interviewed using a standardized, structured questionnaire that obtained information, including detailed histories of smoking and drinking. Odds ratios (ORs) for smoking and drinking in relation to having an OPMD, relative to persons with a benign oral tissue condition, were obtained using logistic regression and adjusted for age, gender, education, fruit/vegetable intake and smoking or drinking.Results: For persons with an OPMD and relative to individuals with a benign oral tissue condition, the adjusted OR for current smoking was 4.32 (95% CI: 1.99-9.38), while for former smokers, the ORadj was 1.47 (95% CI: 0.67-3.21), each ORadj relative to never smokers. With regard to drinking, no adjusted ORs approached statistical significance, and few point estimates exceeded 1.0, whether consumption was defined in terms of ever, current, level (drinks/week), or beverage type.Conclusions: In this study, conducted in Puerto Rico, current smoking was a substantial risk factor for OPMDs while former smokers had a considerably reduced risk compared to current smokers. There was little evidence suggesting that alcohol consumption was positively associated with OPMD risk.
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U2 - 10.1186/1471-2407-11-324
DO - 10.1186/1471-2407-11-324
M3 - Article
C2 - 21801414
AN - SCOPUS:79960856854
SN - 1471-2407
VL - 11
JO - BMC Cancer
JF - BMC Cancer
M1 - 324
ER -