SNIFU: Secure Network Interception for Firmware Updates in legacy PLCs

Hadjer Benkraouda, Muhammad Ashif Chakkantakath, Anastasis Keliris, Michail Maniatakos

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contribution

Abstract

Attacks on Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are increasingly targeting field devices and the firmware that instruments their operation. Securing the firmware images and their update procedure has, therefore, become an important challenge. This is especially true for widely deployed legacy devices which are not equipped with the necessary security mechanisms/capabilities. In this paper, we address the problem by reverse engineering PLC firmware update tools to build a device that ensures the integrity and authenticity of firmware updates, before allowing them to be flashed onto a field device. Our tool is directly connected to field devices and consists of a firmware signing mechanism, a PLC emulation module, and a payload detection classifier - all integrated in a bump-in-the-wire device, SNIFU. SNIFU monitors serial traffic sent to the PLC for firmware update commands. When it identifies such commands, it emulates a PLC, capturing the entire firmware image and verifying it before relaying it to the PLC. We implement and evaluate a prototype of SNIFU using a Raspberry Pi, that secures the update process of a commercial PLC by Wago.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Title of host publicationProceedings - 2020 IEEE 38th VLSI Test Symposium, VTS 2020
PublisherIEEE Computer Society
ISBN (Electronic)9781728153599
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 2020
Event38th IEEE VLSI Test Symposium, VTS 2020 - San Diego, United States
Duration: Apr 5 2020Apr 8 2020

Publication series

NameProceedings of the IEEE VLSI Test Symposium
Volume2020-April

Conference

Conference38th IEEE VLSI Test Symposium, VTS 2020
Country/TerritoryUnited States
CitySan Diego
Period4/5/204/8/20

Keywords

  • Industrial Control Systems
  • Machine Learning
  • Secure firmware updates

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Computer Science Applications
  • Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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