TY - JOUR
T1 - Spatial-Wideband Effect in Massive MIMO with Application in mmWave Systems
AU - Wang, Bolei
AU - Gao, Feifei
AU - Jin, Shi
AU - Lin, Hai
AU - Li, Geoffrey Ye
AU - Sun, Shu
AU - Rappaport, Theodore S.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61771274 and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation under Grant 4182030. The work of S. Jin was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61531011. The work of H. Lin was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 17K06435.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 IEEE.
PY - 2018/12
Y1 - 2018/12
N2 - Massive MIMO, especially in the millimeter- wave frequency bands, has been recognized as a promising technique to enhance spectrum and energy efficiency, as well as network coverage for wireless communications. Most research in massive MIMO just uses the extended conventional MIMO channel model by directly assuming that the channel dimensionality becomes large. With massive numbers of antennas, however, there exists a non-negligible propagation delay across the large array aperture, which then causes a transmitted symbol to reach different antennas with different delays, thereby rendering conventional MIMO channel models inapplicable. Such a phenomenon is known as the spatial-wideband effect in the areas of array signal processing and radar signal processing, and introduces the beam squint effect in beamforming. However, the spatial-wideband effect and the related beam squint issue are seldom studied in massive MIMO communications. To design a practical massive MIMO system, it is important to understand when the spatial-wideband effect appears and how it affects signal transmission, how the spatial-wideband effect interacts with the frequency-wideband effect (frequency selectivity), especially for multi-carrier modulations such as orthogonal frequency- division multiplexing (OFDM), and how we should re-design the transceiver. In this article we suggest a new massive MIMO channel model that embraces both the spatial- and frequency- wideband effects, and discuss these issues.
AB - Massive MIMO, especially in the millimeter- wave frequency bands, has been recognized as a promising technique to enhance spectrum and energy efficiency, as well as network coverage for wireless communications. Most research in massive MIMO just uses the extended conventional MIMO channel model by directly assuming that the channel dimensionality becomes large. With massive numbers of antennas, however, there exists a non-negligible propagation delay across the large array aperture, which then causes a transmitted symbol to reach different antennas with different delays, thereby rendering conventional MIMO channel models inapplicable. Such a phenomenon is known as the spatial-wideband effect in the areas of array signal processing and radar signal processing, and introduces the beam squint effect in beamforming. However, the spatial-wideband effect and the related beam squint issue are seldom studied in massive MIMO communications. To design a practical massive MIMO system, it is important to understand when the spatial-wideband effect appears and how it affects signal transmission, how the spatial-wideband effect interacts with the frequency-wideband effect (frequency selectivity), especially for multi-carrier modulations such as orthogonal frequency- division multiplexing (OFDM), and how we should re-design the transceiver. In this article we suggest a new massive MIMO channel model that embraces both the spatial- and frequency- wideband effects, and discuss these issues.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85052683014&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85052683014&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/MCOM.2018.1701051
DO - 10.1109/MCOM.2018.1701051
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85052683014
SN - 0163-6804
VL - 56
SP - 134
EP - 141
JO - IEEE Communications Magazine
JF - IEEE Communications Magazine
IS - 12
M1 - 8443598
ER -