Strengthening of Existing Masonry Structures: Design Models

Building on the concepts presented in the previous chapter, this chapter aims to present simplified design procedures and models for unreinforced masonry structures strengthened with fiber composites comprising textiles in inorganic matrices (textile-reinforced mortar). The following topics are covered: general safety principles and safety verifications; strengthening of masonry walls for out-of-plane loading (overturning, vertical flexural failure, and horizontal flexural failure) or in-plane loading (combined bending and axial loading, shear forces, lintels and tie areas); strengthening of curved masonry elements and confinement of masonry columns with circular or rectangular cross sections. Design equations are given for most of the cases listed above.