Abstract
I compare pre-tax and post-tax wealth levels and trends after netting out implicit taxes on tax-deferred assets and accrued capital gains. The analysis covers 1983-2016 for net worth (NW) and augmented wealth (AW), which includes pension and Social Security wealth. Netting out implicit taxes substantially reduces growth in mean and median NW and AW. However, the upward trajectory in NW and AW inequality is basically unchanged from using post-tax values. I also introduce bequest wealth, the value of the estate including death benefits. It is notably more equal than NW and has grown faster over time.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 537-564 |
Number of pages | 28 |
Journal | Journal of Pension Economics and Finance |
Volume | 21 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Oct 26 2022 |
Keywords
- Estate taxes
- Social Security
- household wealth
- income taxes
- inequality
- pensions
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Finance
- Economics and Econometrics
- Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management