TY - JOUR
T1 - The effect of chitosan (poly-n-acetyl glucosamine) on lingual hemostasis in heparinized rabbits
AU - Klokkevold, Perry R.
AU - Fukayama, Haruhisa
AU - Sung, Eric C.
AU - Bertolami, Charles N.
N1 - Funding Information:
*Adjunct Associate Professor and Clinical Director, Section of Periodontics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA. tAssistant Professor, Department of Anesthesia, Tokyo Medical Center, Japan. *Adjunct Assistant Professor and Director, Section of Hospital Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA. SProfessor and Dean, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA. Chitosan supplied and research supported by Hoechst-Roussel Pharmaceuticals Inc, Somerville, NJ. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr Klokkevold: UCLA School of Dentistry, Section of Periodontics, 63-022A CHS-Dental, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668.
PY - 1999/1
Y1 - 1999/1
N2 - Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of chitosan on lingual hemostasis in rabbits whose coagulation pathway had been impaired by administration of intravenous heparin. Materials and Methods: Bleeding times were measured for bilateral (15 mm X 2 mm) tongue incisions in 10 New Zealand white rabbits. Using a randomized, blinded experimental design, one incision in each animal was treated with chitosan, and the other was treated with the control vehicle without chitosan. Activated coagulation times and extraoral bleeding times were measured for each animal before, during, and after heparinization. Results: Intravenous infusion of heparin more than tripled the mean activated coagulation time and increased mean systemic bleeding time by 40%. In this heparinized animal model, lingual incisions receiving the experimental substance showed a 43% improvement in bleeding time as compared with lingual incisions receiving the control solution (P ≤ .001). Chitosan treatment brought bleeding time of the lingual incision for heparinized animals within the normal range. Scanning electron microscopic evaluation of the incisions treated with chitosan showed an altered red blood cell morphology and an unusual affinity between erythrocytes. Conclusions: Topical application of chitosan to lingual incisions effectively decreased intraoral bleeding time in a therapeutically anticoagulated (heparinized) rabbit model. Chitosan facilitated lingual hemostasis, possibly through interaction with erythrocytes, linking them together to establish a cellular Clot or hemostatic plug.
AB - Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of chitosan on lingual hemostasis in rabbits whose coagulation pathway had been impaired by administration of intravenous heparin. Materials and Methods: Bleeding times were measured for bilateral (15 mm X 2 mm) tongue incisions in 10 New Zealand white rabbits. Using a randomized, blinded experimental design, one incision in each animal was treated with chitosan, and the other was treated with the control vehicle without chitosan. Activated coagulation times and extraoral bleeding times were measured for each animal before, during, and after heparinization. Results: Intravenous infusion of heparin more than tripled the mean activated coagulation time and increased mean systemic bleeding time by 40%. In this heparinized animal model, lingual incisions receiving the experimental substance showed a 43% improvement in bleeding time as compared with lingual incisions receiving the control solution (P ≤ .001). Chitosan treatment brought bleeding time of the lingual incision for heparinized animals within the normal range. Scanning electron microscopic evaluation of the incisions treated with chitosan showed an altered red blood cell morphology and an unusual affinity between erythrocytes. Conclusions: Topical application of chitosan to lingual incisions effectively decreased intraoral bleeding time in a therapeutically anticoagulated (heparinized) rabbit model. Chitosan facilitated lingual hemostasis, possibly through interaction with erythrocytes, linking them together to establish a cellular Clot or hemostatic plug.
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U2 - 10.1016/S0278-2391(99)90632-8
DO - 10.1016/S0278-2391(99)90632-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 9915395
AN - SCOPUS:0032901577
SN - 0278-2391
VL - 57
SP - 49
EP - 52
JO - Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
JF - Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
IS - 1
ER -