The ground state eigenvalue of Hill's equation with white noise potential

Santiago V. Cambronero, Henry P. Mckean

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

The distribution of the ground state eigenvalue λ0(Q) of Hill's operator Q = -d2/dx2 + q(x) on the circle of perimeter 1 is expressed in two different ways in case the potential q is standard white noise. Let WN be the associated white noise measure, and let CBM be the measure for circular Brownian motion p(x), 0 < x < 1, formed from the standard Brownian motion b(x), 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, starting at b(0) = a, by conditioning so that b(1) = a, and distributing this common level over the line according to the measure da. The connection is based upon the Ricatti correspondence q(x) = λ + p′(x) + p2(x). The two versions of the distribution are (equation presented) in which p̄ is the mean value ∫10pdx, and (equation presented) the left-hand side of (2) being the density for (1) and CBM0 the conditional circular Brownian measure on p̄ = 0. (1) and (2) are related by the divergence theorem in function space as suggested by the recognition of the Jacobian factor ∫10e2∫x0p x ∫10e-2∫x0 as (-2) x the outward-pointing normal component - ∫10v(x)dx of the vector field v(x) = ∂Δ(λ)/∂q(x), 0 ≤ x < 1, Δ being the Hill's discriminant for Q. The Ricatti correspondence prompts the idea that (1) and (2) are instances of the Cameron-Martin formula, but it is not so: The latter has to do with the initial value problem for Ricatti, but it is the periodic problem that figures here, so the proof must be done by hand, by finite-dimensional approximation. The adaptation of (1) and (2) to potentials of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type is reported without details.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1277-1294
Number of pages18
JournalCommunications on Pure and Applied Mathematics
Volume52
Issue number10
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 1999

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Mathematics
  • Applied Mathematics

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'The ground state eigenvalue of Hill's equation with white noise potential'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this