@article{4709f0fac8f44703952fc4a32262ae48,
title = "The nature of the van Dyck “Crystals”",
abstract = "The artist Sir Anthony van Dyck spent his life illustrating the English royalty in the early to mid-17th century, and during his career he became famous for his relaxed elegance and use of a particular hue of brown. The brown pigment would eventually be named after him, {\textquoteleft}van Dyck brown{\textquoteright}, and can still be found today. However, another pigment became commercially available much later after his death, and it is commercially available as {\textquoteleft}van Dyck crystals{\textquoteright}. In practice the two terms are used interchangeably, as they both are made from organic material. Here we investigate the complex chemical composition of {\textquoteleft}van Dyck crystals{\textquoteright}, and we show that the two pigments are distinctly different, both in composition and in origin. We show that the colored component of the {\textquoteleft}van Dyck crystals{\textquoteright} is not crystalline and should not be confused with the original pigment.",
keywords = "Anthony van Dyck, Brown pigment, Dye, Pigment, van Dyck brown",
author = "Patrick Commins and Veronica Lee and Tamas Panda and Alain Lesimple and Liang Li and Pan{\v c}e Naumov",
note = "Funding Information: This research work was sponsored in part by New York University Abu Dhabi and was partially carried out using Core Technology Platform resources at New York University Abu Dhabi. We thank Dr. Matthew O'Connor for the help with the mass spectrometry and Dr. James Weston for the help with recording of the SEM images. We thank Elisabeth Millsap and Julie Ann DeSa Lorenz from OLIS, Inc. for their support and recording of some of the UV-Vis spectra using the CLARiTY spectrophotometers. We also thank the anonymous reviewers whose careful reading and numerous comments have contributed greatly to the improvement of the quality of this manuscript since its first version. Funding Information: This research work was sponsored in part by New York University Abu Dhabi and was partially carried out using Core Technology Platform resources at New York University Abu Dhabi . We thank Dr. Matthew O'Connor for the help with the mass spectrometry and Dr. James Weston for the help with recording of the SEM images. We thank Elisabeth Millsap and Julie Ann DeSa Lorenz from OLIS, Inc. for their support and recording of some of the UV-Vis spectra using the CLARiTY spectrophotometers. We also thank the anonymous reviewers whose careful reading and numerous comments have contributed greatly to the improvement of the quality of this manuscript since its first version. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier Ltd",
year = "2021",
month = feb,
doi = "10.1016/j.dyepig.2020.109000",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "186",
journal = "Dyes and Pigments",
issn = "0143-7208",
publisher = "Elsevier BV",
}