@article{44b0d5ca21274eef8423c09788ce0379,
title = "The neural development of 'us and them'",
abstract = "Social groups aid human beings in several ways, ranging from the fulfillment of complex social and personal needs to the promotion of survival. Despite the importance of group affiliation to humans, there remains considerable variation in group preferences across development. In the current study, children and adolescents completed an explicit evaluation task of ingroup and out-group members during functional neuroimaging. We found that participants displayed age-related increases in bilateral amygdala, fusiformgyrus and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) activation when viewing in-group relative to out-group faces. Moreover, we found an indirect effect of age on in-group favoritism via brain activation in the amygdala, fusiform and OFC. Finally, with age, youth showed greater functional coupling between the amygdala and several neural regions when viewing in-group relative to out-group peers, suggesting a role of the amygdala in directing attention to motivationally relevant cues. Our findings suggest that the motivational significance and processing of group membership undergoes important changes across development.",
keywords = "Adolescence, Development, Group membership, Social cognition, Social identity",
author = "{Guassi Moreira}, {Jo{\~a}o F.} and {Van Bavel}, {Jay J.} and Telzer, {Eva H.}",
note = "Funding Information: This paper was partially supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (no. 1459719 to E.H.T.; no. Funding Information: The authors would like to thank the members of the Developmental Social Neuroscience (University of Illinois) and Social Perception and Evaluation (New York University) Laboratories in addition to Renee Baillargeon for their insightful and helpful comments on this manuscript. In particular, we thank Nicholas Ichien and Inge Karosevica for collecting the data. We greatly appreciate the assistance of the Biomedical Imaging Center. Responsibilities: J.V.B. and E.H.T. designed studies, J.F.G.M. and E.H.T. analyzed studies with input from J.V.B., and J.F.G.M. and E.H.T. wrote the article with critical edits from J.V.B. This paper was partially supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (no. 1459719 to E.H.T.; no. 1349089 to J.V.B.), the National Institutes of Health (R01DA039923 to E.H.T.), and generous funds from the Department of Psychology at the University of Illinois. Funding Information: 1349089 to J.V.B.), the National Institutes of Health (R01DA039923 to E.H.T.), and generous funds from the Department of Psychology at the University of Illinois. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author (2016). Published by Oxford University Press.",
year = "2017",
month = feb,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1093/scan/nsw134",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "12",
pages = "184--196",
journal = "Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience",
issn = "1749-5024",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "2",
}