TY - JOUR
T1 - The role of DNA methylation and histone modification in periodontal disease
T2 - A systematic review
AU - Khouly, Ismael
AU - Braun, Rosalie Salus
AU - Ordway, Michelle
AU - Aouizerat, Bradley Eric
AU - Ghassib, Iya
AU - Larsson, Lena
AU - Asa’ad, Farah
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: FA is supported by the Osteology research scholarship (Osteology Foundation, Lucerne, Switzerland) and has received additional funding from Wilhelm and Martina Lundgren’s Science Fund Foundation, Sweden.
Funding Information:
FA is supported by the Osteology research scholarship (Osteology Foundation, Lucerne, Switzerland) and has received additional funding from Wilhelm and Martina Lundgren?s Science Fund Foundation, Sweden. The authors are grateful to Richard McGowan (NYU Health Sciences Library Liaison and NYU College of Dentistry) for his assistance with the electronic database search process. F. Asa?ad is supported by the Osteology Research Scholarship (Osteology Foundation, Lucerne, Switzerland). For this study, F. Asa?ad also received additional funding from the Wilhelm and Martina Lundgren?s Science Fund Foundation, Sweden.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2020/9/1
Y1 - 2020/9/1
N2 - Despite a number of reports in the literature on the role of epigenetic mechanisms in periodontal disease, a thorough assessment of the published studies is warranted to better comprehend the evidence on the relationship between epigenetic changes and periodontal disease and its treatment. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to identify and synthesize the evidence for an association between DNA methylation/histone modification and periodontal disease and its treatment in human adults. A systematic search was independently conducted to identify articles meeting the inclusion criteria. DNA methylation and histone modifications associated with periodontal diseases, gene expression, epigenetic changes after periodontal therapy, and the association between epigenetics and clinical parameters were evaluated. Sixteen studies were identified. All included studies examined DNA modifications in relation to periodontitis, and none of the studies examined histone modifications. Substantial variation regarding the reporting of sample sizes and patient characteristics, statistical analyses, and methodology, was found. There was some evidence, albeit inconsistent, for an association between DNA methylation and periodontal disease. IL6, IL6R, IFNG, PTGS2, SOCS1, and TNF were identified as candidate genes that have been assessed for DNA methylation in periodontitis. While several included studies found associations between methylation levels and periodontal disease risk, there is insufficient evidence to support or refute an association between DNA methylation and periodontal disease/therapy in human adults. Further research must be conducted to identify reproducible epigenetic markers and determine the extent to which DNA methylation can be applied as a clinical biomarker.
AB - Despite a number of reports in the literature on the role of epigenetic mechanisms in periodontal disease, a thorough assessment of the published studies is warranted to better comprehend the evidence on the relationship between epigenetic changes and periodontal disease and its treatment. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to identify and synthesize the evidence for an association between DNA methylation/histone modification and periodontal disease and its treatment in human adults. A systematic search was independently conducted to identify articles meeting the inclusion criteria. DNA methylation and histone modifications associated with periodontal diseases, gene expression, epigenetic changes after periodontal therapy, and the association between epigenetics and clinical parameters were evaluated. Sixteen studies were identified. All included studies examined DNA modifications in relation to periodontitis, and none of the studies examined histone modifications. Substantial variation regarding the reporting of sample sizes and patient characteristics, statistical analyses, and methodology, was found. There was some evidence, albeit inconsistent, for an association between DNA methylation and periodontal disease. IL6, IL6R, IFNG, PTGS2, SOCS1, and TNF were identified as candidate genes that have been assessed for DNA methylation in periodontitis. While several included studies found associations between methylation levels and periodontal disease risk, there is insufficient evidence to support or refute an association between DNA methylation and periodontal disease/therapy in human adults. Further research must be conducted to identify reproducible epigenetic markers and determine the extent to which DNA methylation can be applied as a clinical biomarker.
KW - DNA methylation
KW - Epigenetics
KW - Gene expression
KW - Gingival diseases
KW - Gingivitis
KW - Histone modification
KW - Periodontal diseases
KW - Periodontitis
KW - Systematic review
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U2 - 10.3390/ijms21176217
DO - 10.3390/ijms21176217
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32867386
AN - SCOPUS:85090103048
VL - 21
SP - 1
EP - 37
JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
SN - 1661-6596
IS - 17
M1 - 6217
ER -