The use of liners under amalgam restorations: An in vitro study on marginal leakage

Objective: Marginal leakage of amalgam restorations may lead to secondary caries and pulpal damage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect various cavity liners might have on microleakage. Method and materials: Mesio-occlusodistal amalgam restorations with margins on enamel and dentin were treated with different liner materials (an adhesive system, a topical fluoride gel, a cavity varnish, and a glass-ionomer cement) in vitro. Following restoration, the teeth were submitted to thermocycling in a stained solution and sectioned to allow assessment of microleakage. Results: On enamel, the control group (no liner) and the glass-ionomer-lined group had equivalent leakage scores and were superior to every other group. On dentin, only the glass-ionomer specimens had superior performance. The cavity varnish and fluoride-lined specimens exhibited the highest leakage scores. Conclusion: The use of liners does not reduce microleakage on amalgam restorations when the cavity margins remain on enamel. On dentin margins, a glass-ionomer liner can reduce microleakage.