TY - JOUR
T1 - Two-step tuberculin skin testing in drug users
AU - Swaminathan, Shobha
AU - Schoenbaum, Ellie E.
AU - Klein, Robert S.
AU - Howard, Andrea A.
AU - Lo, Yungtai
AU - Gourevitch, Marc N.
N1 - Funding Information:
Shobha Swaminathan is affiliated with the Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School. Ellie E. Schoenbaum, Robert S. Klein, and Andrea A. Howard are affiliated with the Departments of Epidemiology & Population Health, and Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Yungtai Lo is affiliated with the Department of Epidemiology & Population Health and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Marc N. Gourevitch is affiliated with the Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry, New York University. Address correspondence to: Shobha Swaminathan, MD, University of Medicine and Dentistry, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, MSB I 613, P.O. Box 1709, Newark, NJ 07101 (E-mail: swaminsh@ umdnj.edu). This research was supported by the grants from National Institute of Health–R01 DA04347, National Institute on Drug Abuse–R01 DA09521, and Centers for AIDS Research Grant from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases–AI-051519.
PY - 2007/5/24
Y1 - 2007/5/24
N2 - To assess the utility of booster testing and to identify factors associated with a positive booster test, two-step tuberculin testing was performed in drug users recruited from methadone treatment. Participants also received a standardized interview on demographics and testing for HIV and CD4+ lymphocyte count. Of 619 enrollees completing the protocol, 174 (28%) had a positive PPD and 24 of the remaining 445 (5%) had a positive booster test. On multivariate analysis, boosting was associated with older age (adjusted odds ratio [ORadj] 2.38/decade, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.34-4.22), history of using crack cocaine (ORadj 2.61, 95% CI 1.10-6.18) and a history of working as a home health aide (ORadj 4.23, 95% CI 1.39-12.86). Two-step tuberculin skin testing increased the proportion of participants with latent tuberculosis infection from 22% to 25%. Given the effectiveness of chemoprophylaxis, booster testing should be considered when drug users are screened for tuberculosis infection.
AB - To assess the utility of booster testing and to identify factors associated with a positive booster test, two-step tuberculin testing was performed in drug users recruited from methadone treatment. Participants also received a standardized interview on demographics and testing for HIV and CD4+ lymphocyte count. Of 619 enrollees completing the protocol, 174 (28%) had a positive PPD and 24 of the remaining 445 (5%) had a positive booster test. On multivariate analysis, boosting was associated with older age (adjusted odds ratio [ORadj] 2.38/decade, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.34-4.22), history of using crack cocaine (ORadj 2.61, 95% CI 1.10-6.18) and a history of working as a home health aide (ORadj 4.23, 95% CI 1.39-12.86). Two-step tuberculin skin testing increased the proportion of participants with latent tuberculosis infection from 22% to 25%. Given the effectiveness of chemoprophylaxis, booster testing should be considered when drug users are screened for tuberculosis infection.
KW - Drug users
KW - Skin testing
KW - Tuberculosis
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U2 - 10.1300/J069v26n02_09
DO - 10.1300/J069v26n02_09
M3 - Article
C2 - 17595000
AN - SCOPUS:34548418931
VL - 26
SP - 71
EP - 79
JO - Journal of Addictive Diseases
JF - Journal of Addictive Diseases
SN - 1055-0887
IS - 2
ER -