Video Games as a Testbed for Open-Ended Phenomena

Understanding and engineering open-endedness, or the indefinite generation of novelty and complexity at arbitrary scales, has long been studied by implementing nature-inspired simulations specifically designed for artificial life studies. This paper argues that video games serve as a complementary domain for research on open-endedness. In support of this claim, experiments in this paper evaluate the effects of age-based and spatial destructive events in two game domains: an interactive Game of Life and the city-building game SimCity. These games are played by a neural-network-controlled gameplay agent trying to maximize reward. Results indicate that experiments with SimCity are more likely to identify statistically significant differences in complexity as a result of applied destructive events, highlighting the utility of this game domain for studying artificial life phenomena.