Visualization of impact cratering in granular media using quarter space penetration tests

Physics & Astronomy

• cavities 11%
• cratering 100%
• craters 75%
• cross sections 5%
• decay 5%
• deceleration 21%
• estimates 11%
• expansion 17%
• fluids 5%
• granular materials 10%
• high speed photography 12%
• penetration 54%
• projectiles 17%
• quartz 8%
• sands 10%
• soils 9%
• viscosity 6%

Engineering & Materials Science

• Deceleration 49%
• Fluids 14%
• Granular materials 27%
• High speed photography 30%
• Military applications 25%
• Projectiles 49%
• Quartz 24%
• Sand 19%
• Soils 17%
• Testing 11%
• Viscosity 18%
• Visualization 51%

Chemical Compounds

• Quartz 29%
• Shape 43%
• Soil 28%
• Velocity 27%