Wound bleeding control by low temperature air plasma

A portable low temperature air plasma torch was used to control bleeding from wounds. As animal models, two pigs were used in the tests: one for the plasma treatment, and the other as the untreated control. Plasma effects on the bleeding times of three types of wounds (straight cut and cross cut in the ham area, and a hole in the saphenous vein of an ear) were examined. The results were that this plasma torch shortened the bleeding time for these three types of wounds from about 3 min to 18 s, about 4 min to 13 s, and 88 s to 15 s, respectively. Emission spectroscopy of the torch was performed to explore the reactive species carried by the plasma effluent of the torch. The results show that this torch carries abundant reactive atomic oxygen (RAO), which is the dominant reactive species in the plasma effluent. RAO can activate erythrocyteplatelet interactions to enhance blood coagulation for plug formation. The present tests indicate that RAO can also penetrate through the skin surrounding the wound to block capillary blood flow to the wound.