ZnO Nanocrystal Networks Near the Insulator-Metal Transition: Tuning Contact Radius and Electron Density with Intense Pulsed Light

Benjamin L. Greenberg, Zachary L. Robinson, K. V. Reich, Claudia Gorynski, Bryan N. Voigt, Lorraine F. Francis, B. I. Shklovskii, Eray S. Aydil, Uwe R. Kortshagen

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Networks of ligand-free semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) offer a valuable combination of high carrier mobility and optoelectronic properties tunable via quantum confinement. In principle, maximizing carrier mobility entails crossing the insulator-metal transition (IMT), where carriers become delocalized. A recent theoretical study predicted that this transition occurs at nρ 3 ≈ 0.3, where n is the carrier density and ρ is the interparticle contact radius. In this work, we satisfy this criterion in networks of plasma-synthesized ZnO NCs by using intense pulsed light (IPL) annealing to tune n and ρ independently. IPL applied to as-deposited NCs increases ρ by inducing sintering, and IPL applied after the NCs are coated with Al 2O 3 by atomic layer deposition increases n by removing electron-trapping surface hydroxyls. This procedure does not substantially alter NC size or composition and is potentially applicable to a wide variety of nanomaterials. As we increase nρ 3 to at least twice the predicted critical value, we observe conductivity scaling consistent with arrival at the critical region of a continuous quantum phase transition. This allows us to determine the critical behavior of the dielectric constant and electron localization length at the IMT. However, our samples remain on the insulating side of the critical region, which suggests that the critical value of nρ 3 may in fact be significantly higher than 0.3.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)4634-4642
Number of pages9
JournalNano Letters
Volume17
Issue number8
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 9 2017

Keywords

  • Insulator-metal transition
  • charge transport
  • intense pulsed light
  • nanocrystal
  • photoconductivity
  • zinc oxide

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Bioengineering
  • General Chemistry
  • General Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Mechanical Engineering

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